Summit of Some of the Americas
LOS ANGELES - Earlier this month, there were two summits in Los Angeles: the Summit of the Americas, hosted by the U.S. State Department; and the People's Summit hosted by U.S. and international activist organizations. The two summits were held in the same city at the same time but could not otherwise be more different.
Summit of Some of the Americas
Begun in 1994, in the heyday of U.S. international dominance, the Summit of the Americas is officially a function of the Organization of American States. It is meant to coordinate and consolidate U.S. economic, political and cultural interests. The first summit, held in Miami, served this goal well. The Soviet Union had broken up, severely hurting allies such as Cuba. Neoliberalism was on the march, even in countries such as Nicaragua, where the Sandinistas had been voted out of power. The U.S. had recently invaded Panama, making a murderous example of any country or leader that defied U.S. dictates.
Since 1994, there have been Summits of the Americas every three or four years. The summits in Canada (2001) and Argentina (2005) featured large protests against capitalist globalization. In Panama in 2015, Cuba was invited to the summit for the first time after a group of countries threatened a boycott if Cuba were again excluded. President Barack Obama met and shook hands with Cuban President Raul Castro. There was widespread agreement and pleasure at the U.S. beginning to normalize relations with Cuba.
In 2018, the U.S. hostility to Cuba resumed under President Donald Trump. The White House administration referred to Cuba, Nicaragua, and Venezuela as a "troika of tyranny."
The policy of exclusion continues under the Biden administration, and this became a major feature of the just-concluded Summit of the Americas. Despite threats to boycott the gathering by many Latin American and Caribbean presidents, the U.S. chose to exclude Cuba, Nicaragua and Venezuela. This resulted in seven countries' presidents choosing not to attend: Mexico, Bolivia, Honduras, St. Vincent and the Grenadines, Antigua, Guatemala, and El Salvador. Mexican President Andres Manuel Lopez Obrador (AMLO) said simply: "There cannot be a summit of the Americas if all the countries of the American continent do not participate. Or there can be, but.... it is just a continuation of the old policy of interventionism or disrespect of nations and their peoples."
As it turned out, the absence of the three excluded and seven allied leaders became a predominant feature of the meeting. The ghost of the ten hung over all events. The summit accomplished little, with the lack of preparation being compared to a "privileged but lazy student" who does not study for a test. The Atlantic analyzed the situation: "The Summit of the Americas, hosted this year by Joe Biden, offers a measure of how far the U.S. has fallen." The attendance was small and resolutions were filled with platitudes with little substance. Criticisms of the U.S.' exclusion of countries were openly aired.
The New York Times described the summit by quoting a former Mexican ambassador, who said many countries are "challenging U.S. influence because U.S. influence has been diminishing in the continent."
At the Summit of the Americas, Secretary of State Antony Blinken and OAS leader Luis Almagro spoke at a panel about "journalistic freedom." Journalist Walter Smolarek exposed the farce as he boldly confronted Almagro because of his complicity in the 2019 Bolivian coup and more. There was a plea from many countries to get beyond conflict and the Cold War, to genuinely work together to address the looming and already dangerous results of climate change. The summit was also expensive; Los Angeles police security alone cost over $15 million.
People's Summit 2022
Two miles away from the Summit of the Americas, the People's Summit was held at the Los Angeles Technical Trade College. The People's Summit included an art and poster pavilion, a huge hall for panel discussions and speeches, and an outdoor pavilion featuring dozens of activist organizations and craftspeople. There was live music and dancing later at night. Over a thousand people attended and spirits were high.
The complex affair was organized by at least 10 convening organizations. These included the Answer Coalition, International People's Assembly, CodePink, and unions SEIU 721 and AFT 1521. There were over a hundred individuals providing support and organization for the event. Many activists flew or drove to Los Angeles from across the U.S. In contrast with the Summit of the Americas, the People's Summit operated on a shoestring budget and relied on the work of volunteers.
A wide array of domestic and international issues were addressed at the People's Summit. They included health as a human right, gender violence, food sovereignty and climate justice, cultural resistance, youth organizing strategies, justice for the Temporary Protected Status and undocumented communities, lessons from below, organizing unhoused communities, and many more.
In 2020, Los Angeles counted over 66,000 homeless people in the city. The latest survey, from January this year, is going to be released 𝕏 on June 22. These and other issues were explored by activists at the People's Summit.
A major component of the People's Summit was international affairs and the connection to struggles at home. While the U.S. spends well over $800 billion annually on the military, there are virtually no homes being built by the U.S. government. The U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development offers rental assistance and advice. In contrast, Venezuela has constructed 4 million homes for Venezuelan families.
U.S. censorship and attacks on media critics were further revealed at the People's Summit, where Julian Assange's father and brother talked about the world's most famous imprisoned journalist and publisher. The WikiLeaks founder has been imprisoned for 10 years, including over three years at Belmarsh maximum-security prison. He is now threatened with extradition to the U.S., a kangaroo court, and life imprisonment. His only "crime" has been to reveal the real crimes of the U.S. military and government.
cdn.iframe.lyThere was an outstanding lineup of speakers each of the three days of the People's Summit. These included local activists and indigenous leaders, as well as noted international leaders such as Honduran Bertha Zuniga Caceres and Puerto Rican Oscar Lopez Rivera.
The presidents of Cuba and Venezuela, along with Evo Morales, the former president of Bolivia, sent eloquent messages of support to the People's Summit.
On Friday, June 10 there was a mass march and rally from the People's Summit at the community college to the street in front of the Summit of the Americas. The streets of downtown Los Angeles echoed with calls, chats and songs as the march proceeded.
Conclusions
There is growing criticism of U.S. presumptions of supremacy and U.S. foreign policy promoting division and conflict. This was expressed by leaders who stayed away from the Summit of Americas and also by many leaders who attended. The Prime Minister of Barbados, Mia Amor Mottley, said frankly:
It's wrong that Cuba and Venezuela and Nicaragua are not here, because as you heard from [the] Bahamas, we need to speak with those with whom we disagree... There's too much narrow-casting instead of broadcasting. There's too much talking at, instead of talking with... And the simple priority must be people, not ideology."
U.S. exceptionalism and the exclusion of countries is increasingly being challenged. This matches the global criticisms of U.S. unilateral sanctions. At the last UN General Assembly, the vote was 184-2 in denouncing the U.S. embargo on Cuba. Seventy percent of world nations believe U.S. sanctions violate international law.
The Summit of the Americas showed the U.S. attempting and failing to impose its will on the hemisphere. The People's Summit showed a different vision that is in accord with the wishes of most countries and people.
Feature photo | People's Summit 2022 via Twitter
Rick Sterling is an independent journalist based in the SF Bay Area. He can be reached at email protected